General Organic And Biological Chemistry 7th Edition By H. Stephen Stoker – Test Bank

1. Which of the following is the best definition for the term radionuclide?
a. the nucleus of any atom
b. the nucleus of an atom that contains more than 75 neutrons
c. an atom whose nucleus absorbs radiation
d. an atom whose nucleus is unstable
ANSWER: d

2. Which of the following types of radiation is composed of particles with a charge and mass identical to that of an electron?
a. alpha particles b. beta particles
c. gamma radiation d. X-rays
ANSWER: b

3. In terms of subatomic particles, the composition of an alpha particle is
a. three neutrons and a proton b. two neutrons and two protons
c. one neutron and three protons d. one neutron and two protons
ANSWER: b

4. Which of the following is not a balanced nuclear equation?
a. b.
c. d.
ANSWER: c

5. The daughter isotope produced by the beta decay of is
a. b.
c. d.
ANSWER: b

6. The loss of an alpha particle by a radioactive nuclide causes
a. no change in mass number
b. the atomic number to decrease by four
c. the mass number to decrease by two
d. the atomic number to decrease by two and the mass number to decrease by four
ANSWER: d

7. The explanation for how a beta particle is produced in the nucleus of a radionuclide and then ejected involves the conversion (in a complex series of steps) of a
a. proton to a neutron b. neutron to a proton
c. proton to an electron d. neutron to an electron
ANSWER: b

8. After 3 half-lives have elapsed, the amount of a radioactive sample that has not decayed is
a. 1/3 the original amount b. 1/6 the original amount
c. 1/8 the original amount d. 1/16 the original amount
ANSWER: c

9. If 6.00 grams of an 8.00 gram sample of a radioactive substance undergoes decay in 180 minutes, then the half-life of the substance is
a. 45 minutes b. 90 minutes
c. 360 minutes d. 720 minutes
ANSWER: b

10. If the half-life of a 4 gram sample of a radionuclide is 11 hours, then the half-life of a 2 gram sample of the same radionuclide would be
a. 5.5 b. 11
c. 22 d. 44
ANSWER: b

11. During a bombardment reaction, the particles colliding with target nuclei are
a. small and traveling very fast b. small and traveling slowly
c. large and traveling very fast d. large and traveling slowly
ANSWER: a