Research Methods Process Inquiry 8th Edition By Graziano Raulin – Test Bank
Graziano and Raulin Research Methods Test Bank
Chapter 11 Correlated-Groups and Single-Subject Designs
11.1 Within-Subjects Designs
1) Correlated-groups designs
- A) use random assignment of participants.
- B) provide equivalent groups at the start of the study.
- C) use only one level of the independent variable.
- D) are less sensitive than between participant experimental design.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Page Ref: 248
Skill: Interpretive
2) Why do the authors of this text consider correlated-groups designs to be experiments?
- A) They maximize error variance.
- B) They always use score data.
- C) They randomly assign all participants to conditions.
- D) They meet the requirement of equivalence of groups.
Answer: D
Type: MC
Page Ref: 248 (SG)
Skill: Interpretive
3) Which of the following is NOT used in correlated-groups designs?
- A) matching of participants
- B) random assignment to conditions
- C) within-subjects procedures
- D) careful measurement of the dependent variable
Answer: B
Type: MC
Page Ref: 248 (SG)
Skill: Interpretive
4) Random assignment of participants to conditions gives us confidence that
- A) the researcher will remain blind to the condition under which each participant is tested.
- B) the groups to be compared are equivalent at the start of the study.
- C) the participants will remain blind to condition throughout the experiment.
- D) any placebo effect will be nullified.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Page Ref: 247
Skill: Interpretive
5) Within-subjects designs allow a researcher to test causal hypotheses with confidence and without
- A) mistakes.
- B) statistical analyses.
- C) randomization.
- D) any form of bias.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Page Ref: 248
Skill: Interpretive
6) Correlated-groups designs are considered in this textbook to be a category of
- A) experimental design.
- B) nonexperimental design.
- C) low-constraint research.
- D) naturalistic research.
Answer: A
Type: MC
Page Ref: 248
Skill: Interpretive
7) In within-subjects designs, all participants are exposed to
- A) some of the experimental conditions.
- B) some of the dependent measures.
- C) all of the control measures.
- D) all of the experimental conditions.
Answer: D
Type: MC
Page Ref: 248
Skill: Interpretive
8) In within-subjects designs,
- A) each participant serves as his or her own control.
- B) the control group is matched with the experimental group.
- C) each participant is exposed to one level of the independent variable.
- D) each participant is randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group.
Answer: A
Type: MC
Page Ref: 248
Skill: Interpretive
9) What are the two types of designs used to introduce the correlation in correlated-groups designs?
- A) Within-subjects designs and matched-subjects designs.
- B) Between-subjects designs and matched-subjects designs.
- C) Randomized-subjects designs and matched-subjects designs.
- D) Between-subjects designs and within-subjects designs.
Answer: A
Type: MC
Page Ref: 248 (SG)
Skill: Factual
10) What is the major strength of the within-subjects design?
- A) More participants can be used in a single study.
- B) Interactive effects can be identified.
- C) Carry-over effects are eliminated.
- D) It guarantees that the participants in the various conditions are equivalent at the start of the study.
Answer: D
Type: MC
Page Ref: 248 (SG)
Skill: Interpretive
11) In which design are all participants exposed to all experimental conditions?
- A) randomized, posttest-only
- B) randomized, pretest-posttest
- C) within-subjects
- D) between-subjects
Answer: C
Type: MC
Page Ref: 248 (SG)
Skill: Interpretive
12) A within-subjects design helps to ensure equivalence of groups at the start of the experiment because
- A) it employs a form of randomization.
- B) the participants in one group are the same participants as in the other group.
- C) of the extensive pretesting to rule out differences between individuals.
- D) of the stringent criteria of participant selection.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Page Ref: 248 (PQ)
Skill: Interpretive
13) In order to test the effects of noise levels on typing speed, a researcher uses six expert typists and asks each to type a page at two different noise levels (low and high). The dependent variable, typing speed, is measured under both conditions for all typists. What kind of design is the researcher employing?
- A) a between-subjects design
- B) a between-groups design
- C) a within-subjects design
- D) a single-variable, independent-groups design
Answer: C
Type: MC
Page Ref: 248
Skill: Applied
14) A within-subjects design is also referred to as a(n)
- A) between-subjects design.
- B) independent-groups design.
- C) nonparametric design.
- D) repeated-measures design.
Answer: D
Type: MC
Page Ref: 248 (PQ)
Skill: Factual
15) The key idea in correlated-groups designs is that in seeking to insure equivalence of groups,
- A) some correlation among participants in different groups is introduced.
- B) there is no correlation introduced in the assigning of participants to groups.
- C) a small participant size must be used to prevent error.
- D) coefficients of correlation must be group specific.
Answer: A
Type: MC
Page Ref: 248
Skill: Interpretive
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