Pediatric Nursing An Introductory Text 11th Edition By Debra L. Price – Test Bank

Chapter 11: Respiratory Disorders

Testbank

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The nurse explains that one common feature of children who die of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is that:
a. Death occurs during sleep
b. The infants had a high birth weight
c. Most deaths are in female infants
d. Most deaths occur in hot, humid weather

ANS: A
A common feature of SIDS victims is that they die during sleep without a cry or any sign of distress. Boys are more frequent victims. These babies usually are low-birth weight babies. The incidence is higher in the winter months.

DIF: Cognitive Level: REF: p. 197 OBJ: 2
TOP: Sudden Infant Death Syndrome KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

2. The nurse outlines precautions parents can take to prevent SIDS, which include:
a. Placing the baby on the stomach to sleep
b. Using a soft, comfortable mattress
c. Avoiding soft objects and loose bedding
d. Using a device to maintain the baby’s sleep position

ANS: C
Soft objects and loose bedding should be kept away from the baby’s sleep area. The baby should be positioned on the back without the use of devices that maintain the position. Mattresses should be firm and safety approved.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 198 OBJ: 2
TOP: Prevention of SIDS KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control

3. A 3-month-old baby is being discharged from the hospital after being treated for infantile apnea. The nurse will include in the discharge instructions:
a. Nutritional information
b. Instruction in instillation of nosedrops
c. Instruction in placing the infant on the abdomen to sleep
d. Instruction in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

ANS: D
Parents of children who have experienced infantile apnea are instructed in CPR techniques prior to discharge. Infants should be placed on their backs to sleep. Nutritional information and nasal remedies are not specific to discharge teaching.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 198 OBJ: 2
TOP: Infantile Apnea KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control

4. The nurse points out some differences in the respiratory system of an infant that may put the child at risk. These include:
a. A large tongue
b. Large nares and nasopharynx
c. Lower placement of glottis and larynx
d. Wide trachea

ANS: A
The infant’s tongue is large, which may cause obstruction of the airway. The nares and nasopharynx are higher, which may lead to aspiration. The trachea is short and narrow, which can be easily occluded.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 198 OBJ: 2
TOP: Pediatric Differences KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

5. The nurse is aware that the most common cause of hearing loss in children is:
a. Purulent acute otitis media (AOM)
b. Mastoiditis
c. Unsuppurative otitis media with effusion (OME)
d. Traumatic puncture of the eardrum

ANS: C
The most common cause of hearing loss in children is OME.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 200 OBJ: 2
TOP: Hearing Loss from OME KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

6. The home health nurse suspects that a 3-month-old infant has acute otitis media (AOM) when the child:
a. Shows a subnormal temperature of 98° F
b. Lies with the knees drawn up to the abdomen
c. Rolls the head from side to side and cries
d. Stops crying when nursing

ANS: C
A child who cries piercingly and rolls the head from side to side may have signs of AOM. Temperatures are high, and sucking increases the pain.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 200 OBJ: 2
TOP: AOM KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease.

7. To correctly instill eardrops into the ear of the infant, the nurse should:
a. Pull the earlobe down and back
b. Place the infant in a slightly inclined position
c. Pull the earlobe forward
d. Pull the upper ear back

ANS: A
To correctly instill eardrops into the ear of an infant, the nurse should pull the earlobe down and back.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 200 OBJ: 2
TOP: Instilling Eardrops KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

8. The parents of an infant who has been taking antibiotics for acute otitis media (AOM) ask if the entire prescription needs to be given as the child is absolutely free of any signs of infection. The nurse’s response is based on the knowledge that the antibiotics:
a. Can be stopped if there is no elevation of temperature
b. Should be given until the supply is gone
c. Can be stopped for a few days, but restarted if signs reappear
d. Should be taken for at least 3 days

ANS: B
The entire prescription of the antibiotics should be administered to make sure the infection is completely gone.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 201 OBJ: 2
TOP: Antibiotics KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies

9. The mother of a 4-year-old child with an ear infection asks the nurse how best to clean the drainage from the child’s outer ear. The nurse’s best response would be to:
a. Clean the outer ear with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol
b. Remove the drainage with hydrogen peroxide
c. Plug the ear with cotton and replace every 2 days
d. Wipe the drainage from the face when it drains from the ear

ANS: B
The drainage can be removed by using water or peroxide. No swab should be put in the child’s ear.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 201 OBJ: 2
TOP: Clearing Drainage from the Ear KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

10. The nurse caring for a 9-month-old child with bronchiolitis assesses diminished breath sounds in the right lower lobe. The nurse understands that this finding is most likely due to:
a. Immaturity of the respiratory tree
b. Bronchial spasm from coughing
c. Obstruction of the bronchioles
d. Pneumonia

ANS: C
Diminished breath sounds in a child with bronchiolitis are due to obstruction of the bronchioles by inflammation.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 201 OBJ: 4
TOP: Bronchiolitis KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation