Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care 1st Edition by Perretta – Test Bank

Chapter 11 Acyanotic Heart Defects

True/False

1. Atrial septal defects are one of the most quickly diagnosed congenital heart diseases.

ANS: False

2. Bicuspid aortic valve is the most common cause of aortic stenosis.

ANS: True

3. Successful atrial septal defect closure has excellent long-term outcomes.

ANS: True

Multiple Choice

4. What is the most common congenital cardiac defect?
A. Atrial septal defect
B. Ventricular septal defect
C. Atrioventricular septal defect
D. Aortic stenosis

ANS: B

5. Treatment for ventricular septal defect should consist of all of the following except:
A. Digoxin
B. Inotropes
C. IV fluids
D. ACE inhibitors
E. High caloric nutrition

ANS: C

6. What percentage of ventricular septal defects close in the first 2 years of life?
A. 25%
B. 33%
C. 50%
D. 75%

ANS: D

7. A patient who presents with decreased femoral pulses, brachiofemoral delay, and continuous flow murmur suggest:
A. Aortic stenosis
B. Atrial septal defect
C. Coarctation of the aorta
D. Double aortic arch

ANS: C

8. Septum secundum is defined as:
A. A thin layer of tissue connected to the endocardial cushions
B. An opening in the intra-atrial septum
C. A muscular structure that grows downward from the upper portion of the embryologic atria
D. A wall that divides two cavities

ANS: C

9. An atrial septal defect that persists beyond 2 years of age or is larger than 6 mm requires surgical closure prior to the child starting school. Indications for earlier closure consists of which of the following?
I. History of arrhythmia
II. Evidence of pulmonary hypotension
III. Risk of paradoxical embolus
IV. Symptoms of heart failure
A. I, II, and IV
B. I, III, and IV
C. II and III
D. I and IV

ANS: B

10. Atrioventricular septal defect is especially common in children with what syndrome?
A. Turner’s syndrome
B. Trisomy 21
C. Spinal bifida
D. Cushing’s syndrome

ANS: B