Microbiology Fundamentals A Clinical Approach 3rd Edition by Marjorie Kelly Cowan – Test Bank

Chapter 11 Interactions Between Microbes and Humans

1) Infection occurs when
A) contaminants are present on the skin.
B) a person swallows microbes in/on food.
C) a person inhales microbes in the air.
D) pathogens enter and multiply in body tissues.
E) All of the choices are correct.

Answer: D
Section: 11.01
Topic: Development of an Infection; Infectious Disease Terminology
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.

2) The term infection refers to
A) microorganisms colonizing the body.
B) contact with microorganisms.
C) contact with pathogens.
D) pathogens penetrating host defenses.
E) None of the choices are correct.

Answer: D
Section: 11.01
Topic: Infectious Disease Terminology
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 05.03 Microorganisms and their environment interact with and modify each other.; 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.

3) Which terminology is not used to describe members of the resident biota?
A) Pathogenic biota
B) Normal biota
C) Indigenous biota
D) Normal microbiota
E) Commensals

Answer: A
Section: 11.01
Topic: Resident Microbiota
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems.; 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.

4) Endogenous infectious agents arise from microbes that are
A) in food.
B) the patient’s own normal biota.
C) on fomites.
D) in the air.
E) transmitted from one person to another.

Answer: B
Section: 11.01
Topic: Resident Microbiota
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
5) The human body typically begins to be colonized by its normal biota
A) before birth, in utero.
B) during and immediately after birth.
C) when a child first goes to school.
D) when an infant gets its first infectious disease.
E) during puberty.

Answer: A
Section: 11.01
Topic: Resident Microbiota
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.

6) Resident biota are found in/on the ________.
A) skin
B) mouth
C) nasal passages
D) large intestine
E) All of the choices are correct.

Answer: E
Section: 11.01
Topic: Resident Microbiota
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems.; 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
7) Normal biota includes each of the following except ________.
A) bacteria
B) fungi
C) protozoans
D) viruses
E) All of the choices are correct.

Answer: E
Section: 11.01
Topic: Resident Microbiota
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.

8) Each of the following bring about inoculation of normal biota to a newborn except ________.
A) the birth process through the birth canal
B) bottle feeding
C) breast feeding
D) contact with hospital staff
E) All of the choices are correct.

Answer: E
Section: 11.01
Topic: Resident Microbiota
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.

9) The effect of “good” microbes against invading microbes is called ________.
A) microbial antagonism
B) endogenous infection
C) infectious disease
D) axenic
E) gnotobiotism

Answer: A
Section: 11.01
Topic: Resident Microbiota
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways; Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 05.03 Microorganisms and their environment interact with and modify each other.; 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological means.

10) Opportunistic pathogens
A) cause disease in every individual.
B) cause disease in compromised individuals.
C) are always pathogens.
D) have well-developed virulence factors.
E) None of the choices is correct.

Answer: B
Section: 11.02
Topic: Development of an Infection; Infectious Disease Terminology
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.