Living in the Environment Principles Connections and Solutions 16th Edition By G. Tyler Miller – Test Bank

62. The ____________________ population is decreasing in Lake Victoria because it has reduced its food source.
Nile perch

63. Humans have explored only about ____________________% of the earth’s global ocean and know little about its biodiversity.
5

64. Investigation of the poorly understood marine aquatic systems is a(n) ____________________ that could lead to immense ecological and economic benefits.
research frontier

65. Under intense pressure from humans, coastal habitats are disappearing at rates ____________________ times faster than the rate of tropical forest loss.
2-10

66. Invasive species are blamed for about ____________________ of fish extinctions in the United States between 1900 and 2000.
two-thirds

67. The UN estimates that ____________________% of all ocean pollution comes from land-based coastal activities.
80

68. To continue consuming seafood at the current rate, we will need ____________________ times the area of the earth’s oceans.
2.5

69. The collapse of the Canadian cod fishery caused the overfishing of big sharks, whose populations have been reduced in the Atlantic by ____________________%.
99

70. Almost ____________________ of the world’s annual fish catch by weight consists of non-target species, that is, not the fish species that was intended to be caught.
one-third

71. Approximately ____________________% of the world’s known marine fish species and ____________________% of the world’s freshwater fish species face extinction in our lifetimes.
34; 71

72. The town of Saman·in the Dominican Republic has gone from a run-down town to a tourist hot spot because of ____________________.
whale watching

73. Sea turtle tourism brings in almost ____________________ more money than the sale of turtle products such as meat, leather, and eggs.
three times

74. Marine reserves would consist of a system of large reserves on the ____________________ and smaller reserves in ____________________.
high seas; coastal zones

75. A recent report suggested there was no way to reverse widespread chemical and biological effects on ocean acidification except by sharply reducing human inputs of ____________________.
carbon dioxide or
CO2

76. The first step in protecting and sustaining the world’s marine fisheries is to make the best possible estimates of their ____________________.
fish populations

77. Many fishery and environmental scientists are interested in the ____________________, which means sharply reducing fish harvests and closing some overfished areas until they recover and we have more information.
precautionary principle

78. The ____________________ system includes coastal communities and the government working together to manage fisheries.
co-management

79. The individual transfer rights (ITR) are set at a percentage of the total allowable catch (TAC). Many think the TAC is too high and that the ITR should be set on a percentage of the ____________________.
optimal sustainable yield

80. Consumers have a role to play in sustaining aquatic biodiversity by demanding ____________________.
sustainable seafood

81. Wetlands serve as natural ____________________.
filters

82. Coastal wetlands in many parts of the world will probably be ____________________ during your lifetime because of ____________________ due to global warming.
under water; rising sea levels

83. Since the dams were built on the Columbia River, the wild Pacific salmon population has dropped by ____________________% .
94

84. Since 1980, the federal government has spent more than ____________________ in efforts to save the salmon in the Columbia River, without success.
$3 billion

85. One strategy to protect the earth’s biodiversity will cost approximately ____________________, which is the equivalent to a tax of one penny per cup of coffee consumed in the world each year.
$30 billion