Human Embryology and Developmental Biology 5th Edition By Bruce M Carlson – Test Bank

Chapter 11: Nervous System

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. A young patient with a tuft of hair over the lumbar region of the vertebral column is operated on for a congenital anomaly in that region. During surgery, it was found that the dura and arachnoid layers over the spinal cord were complete, but the neural arches of several vertebrae were missing. What condition did this patient have?
A. Meningocele
B. Meningomyelocele
C. Encephalocoele
D. Rachischisis
E. Spina bifida occulta

ANS: E

2. The cauda equina develops during the second and third trimesters of fetal development as a consequence of _______________.
A. Slower growth of the spinal cord relative to the vertebral column
B. Resorption of the tail that develops in a fetus during the first trimester
C. Accelerated growth of the thoracic segments
D. Formation of the lower limbs

ANS: A

3. The cranial nerve ganglia are associated with all of the following rhombomeres except ______________.
A. r2
B. r3
C. r4
D. r6
E. r7

ANS: B

4. The first rhombomere is characterized by the expression of _____________.
A. Hoxa-1
B. Hoxb-2
C. Otx-2
D. Sonic hedgehog
E. None of the above

ANS: C

5. Growth cones adhere strongly to a substrate containing _______________.
A. Acetylcholine
B. Epinephrine
C. Norepinephrine
D. Laminin
E. Sonic hedgehog

ANS: B

6. Complete failure of the neural tube to close in the region of the spinal cord is termed ________________.
A. Spina bifida occulta
B. Meningocele
C. Cranioschisis
D. Rachischisis
E. Hydrocephalus

ANS: D

7. What molecule produced by the notochord is instrumental in inducing the floor plate of the neural tube?
A. Hoxa-5
B. Retinoic acid
C. Acrosin
D. Hyaluronic acid (haluronin)
E. Sonic hedgehog

ANS: E

8. The alar plate is most closely associated with which function of the central nervous system?
A. Motor
B. Sympathetic
C. Sensory
D. Parasympathetic
E. None of the above

ANS: C

9. The floor plate of the spinal cord arises as the result of an induction by the ____________.
A. Notochord
B. Neural crest
C. Dorsal aorta
D. Dorsal part of somites
E. Overlying ectoderm

ANS: A

10. The cell bodies of the motor neurons of a spinal nerve arise from the _____________.
A. Basal plate
B. Marginal zone
C. Floor plate
D. Roof plate
E. Alar plate

ANS: A