Campbell Biology 10th Edition By Reece -Test Bank

Campbell Biology, 10e (Reece)

Chapter 20   DNA Tools and Biotechnology

 

1) Bacterial cells protect their own DNA from restriction enzymes (endonucleases) by _____.

1. A) adding methyl groups to adenines and cytosines
2. B) using DNA ligase to seal the bacterial DNA into a closed circle
3. C) adding histones to protect the double-stranded DNA
4. D) forming “sticky ends” of bacterial DNA to prevent the enzyme (endonuclease) from attaching

Answer:  A

Bloom’s Taxonomy:  Knowledge/Comprehension

Section:  20.1

 

2) What is the most logical sequence of steps for splicing foreign DNA into a plasmid and inserting the plasmid into a bacterium?

1. Transform bacteria with a recombinant DNA molecule.
2. Cut the plasmid DNA using restriction enzymes (endonucleases).

III. Extract plasmid DNA from bacterial cells.

1. Hydrogen-bond the plasmid DNA to nonplasmid DNA fragments.
2. Use ligase to seal plasmid DNA to nonplasmid DNA.
3. A) II, III, V, IV, I
4. B) III, II, IV, V, I
5. C) III, IV, V, I, II
6. D) IV, V, I, II, III

Answer:  B

Bloom’s Taxonomy:  Knowledge/Comprehension

Section:  20.1

3) A principal problem with inserting an unmodified mammalian gene into a plasmid and then getting that gene expressed in bacteria is that _____.

1. A) prokaryotes use a different genetic code from that of eukaryotes
2. B) bacteria translate only mRNAs that have multiple messages
3. C) bacteria cannot remove eukaryotic introns
4. D) bacterial RNA polymerase cannot make RNA complementary to mammalian DNA

Answer:  C

Bloom’s Taxonomy:  Synthesis/Evaluation

Section:  20.1

 

4) Yeast cells are frequently used as hosts for cloning because they _____.

1. A) easily form colonies
2. B) can remove exons from mRNA
3. C) do not have plasmids
4. D) are eukaryotic cells

Answer:  D

Bloom’s Taxonomy:  Knowledge/Comprehension

Section:  20.1

5) Sequencing an entire genome, such as that of C. elegans, a nematode, is most important because _____.

1. A) it allows researchers to use the sequence to build a “better” nematode, which is resistant to disease
2. B) it allows research on a group of organisms we do not usually care much about
3. C) a sequence that is found to have a particular function in the nematode is likely to have a closely related function in vertebrates
4. D) a sequence that is found to have no introns in the nematode genome is likely to have acquired the introns from higher organisms

Answer:  C

Bloom’s Taxonomy:  Synthesis/Evaluation

Section:  20.1

 

6) To introduce a particular piece of DNA into an animal cell, such as that of a mouse, you would most likely be successful with which of the following methods?

1. A) electroporation followed by recombination
2. B) introducing a plasmid into the cell
3. C) infecting the mouse cell with a Ti plasmid
4. D) transcription and translation

Answer:  A

Bloom’s Taxonomy:  Application/Analysis

Section:  20.1

 

7) Why is it so important to be able to amplify DNA fragments when studying genes?

1. A) Before amplification, DNA fragments are likely to bind to RNA and no longer be able to be analyzed.
2. B) A gene may represent only a millionth of the cell’s DNA.
3. C) Restriction enzymes (endonucleases) cut DNA into fragments that are too small.
4. D) A clone requires multiple copies of each gene per clone.

Answer:  B

Bloom’s Taxonomy:  Knowledge/Comprehension

Section:  20.1

 

8) Pax-6 is a gene that is involved in eye formation in many invertebrates, such as Drosophila. Pax-6 is also found in vertebrates. A Pax-6 gene from a mouse can be expressed in a fly and the protein (PAX-6) leads to a compound fly eye. This information suggests which of the following?

1. A) Pax-6 genes are identical in nucleotide sequence.
2. B) PAX-6 proteins have identical amino acid sequences.
3. C) Pax-6 is highly conserved and shows shared evolutionary ancestry.
4. D) PAX-6 proteins are different for formation of different kinds of eyes.

Answer:  C

Bloom’s Taxonomy:  Synthesis/Evaluation

Section:  20.1

9) The reason for using Taq polymerase for PCR is that _____.

1. A) it is heat stable and can withstand the heating step of PCR
2. B) only minute amounts are needed for each cycle of PCR
3. C) it binds more readily than other polymerases to the primers
4. D) it has regions that are complementary to the primers

Answer:  A

Bloom’s Taxonomy:  Knowledge/Comprehension

Section:  20.1

 

Use the figure below to answer the following question.

 

10) Which enzyme was used to produce the molecule in the figure above?

1. A) ligase
2. B) a restriction enzyme (endonuclease)
3. C) RNA polymerase
4. D) DNA polymerase

Answer:  B

Bloom’s Taxonomy:  Application/Analysis

Section:  20.1