Guyton And Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology -12th Edition By John E. Hall – Test Bank

Chapter 14: Overview of the Circulation; Biophysics of Pressure, Flow, and Resistance

Test Bank

1. A 50-year-old woman has a renal blood flow of 1,000 mL/min and hematocrit of 50. Her arterial pressure is 120 mmHg and her renal venous pressure is 20 mmHg. She also has a plasma colloid osmotic pressure of 25 mmHg. Which of the following is the total renal vascular resistance (in mmHg/mL/min) in this woman?
A. 0.10
B. 0.20
C. 0.50
D. 1.00
E. 1.50

ANS: A

2. Under control conditions, flow through a blood vessel is 10 mL/min under a pressure gradient of 100 mmHg. An increase in which of the following would occur in response to a twofold increase in the diameter of the vessel and the pressure gradient was maintained at 100 mmHg?
A. Vascular resistance
B. Hematocrit
C. Vascular conductance
D. Blood viscosity
E. Plasma oncotic pressure

ANS: C

4. Which vessel has the highest vascular resistance?
Vessel Blood Flow (mL/min) Pressure Gradient (mmHg)
A. 1,000 100
B. 1,200 60
C. 1,400 20
D. 1,600 80
E. 1,800 40

ANS: A

5. Which one the following would tend to cause an increase in blood flow?
A. An increase in hematocrit
B. A decrease in arterial pressure
C. A twofold increase in arteriole diameter
D. A twofold increase in blood viscosity

ANS: C

6. The table below depicts the pressure gradient, radius, and viscosity in various vessels of the same length. Which vessel has the greatest flow?
Vessel Pressure Gradient Radius Viscosity
A. 100 1 10
B. 50 2 5
C. 25 4 2
D. 10 6 1

ANS: D

7. If the blood flow through the kidney is 1,200 mL/min and the renal artery pressure is 100 mmHg and the renal venous pressure is 0 mmHg, which of the following is the conductance (in mL/min/mmHg) of the renal vessel?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 8
D. 12
E. 16

ANS: D

8. A 78-year-old woman has a mean arterial pressure of 120 mmHg and a heart rate of 60 bpm. She has a stroke volume of 50 mL, cardiac output of 3,000 mL/min and a right atrial pressure of 0 mmHg. What is the total peripheral resistance (in mmHg/mL/min) in this woman?
A. 0.01
B. 0.02
C. 0.04
D. 0.08
E. 0.10

ANS: D

9. An increase in which one of the following would decrease blood flow across a vessel?
A. Hydrostatic pressure gradient
B. Diameter of vessel
C. Blood viscosity
D. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure

ANS: C